417 lines
15 KiB
HTML
417 lines
15 KiB
HTML
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|||
|
|
<html lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<head>
|
|||
|
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
|||
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
|||
|
|
<title>The Grandfather Workbench | Austin Danos</title>
|
|||
|
|
<style>
|
|||
|
|
:root {
|
|||
|
|
--bg-color: #1a1a1a;
|
|||
|
|
--text-color: #e0e0e0;
|
|||
|
|
--accent-color: #8b4513;
|
|||
|
|
--secondary-accent: #cd853f;
|
|||
|
|
--font-main: 'Georgia', serif;
|
|||
|
|
--code-font: 'Courier New', monospace;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
body {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: var(--bg-color);
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--text-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--font-main);
|
|||
|
|
line-height: 1.6;
|
|||
|
|
max-width: 900px;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 0 auto;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
header {
|
|||
|
|
text-align: center;
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 4rem;
|
|||
|
|
border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding-bottom: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
h1 {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 2.8rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.subtitle {
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1.3rem;
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
font-style: italic;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
h2 {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1.8rem;
|
|||
|
|
border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding-left: 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin-top: 3rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
h3 {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1.4rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin-top: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
p {
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1.1rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.specs-table {
|
|||
|
|
width: 100%;
|
|||
|
|
border-collapse: collapse;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 2rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 0.95rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.specs-table th, .specs-table td {
|
|||
|
|
border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding: 0.8rem;
|
|||
|
|
text-align: left;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.specs-table th {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.3);
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.specs-table td:first-child {
|
|||
|
|
font-weight: bold;
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.diagram-container {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: #2a2a2a;
|
|||
|
|
border: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 2rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
border-radius: 4px;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.diagram-container img {
|
|||
|
|
width: 100%;
|
|||
|
|
height: auto;
|
|||
|
|
border: 1px solid var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.diagram-caption {
|
|||
|
|
text-align: center;
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 0.9rem;
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
font-style: italic;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calculator-section {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: #2a2a2a;
|
|||
|
|
border: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 3rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
border-radius: 4px;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-input-group {
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-input-group label {
|
|||
|
|
display: block;
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-input-group input, .calc-input-group select {
|
|||
|
|
width: 100%;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 0.8rem;
|
|||
|
|
background-color: #1a1a1a;
|
|||
|
|
border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--text-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-button {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
color: #fff;
|
|||
|
|
border: none;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 1rem 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 1.1rem;
|
|||
|
|
cursor: pointer;
|
|||
|
|
transition: background-color 0.3s;
|
|||
|
|
width: 100%;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-button:hover {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-result {
|
|||
|
|
margin-top: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
background-color: rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.2);
|
|||
|
|
border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.calc-result strong {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.formula-box {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: #0a0a0a;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 2rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
border: 1px dashed var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 0.9rem;
|
|||
|
|
overflow-x: auto;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.nav-links {
|
|||
|
|
margin-top: 4rem;
|
|||
|
|
text-align: center;
|
|||
|
|
padding-top: 2rem;
|
|||
|
|
border-top: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.nav-links a {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
text-decoration: none;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 0 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
|
|||
|
|
padding-bottom: 0.2rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.nav-links a:hover {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.2);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.lesson-box {
|
|||
|
|
background-color: rgba(205, 133, 63, 0.1);
|
|||
|
|
border-left: 3px solid var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
padding: 1.5rem;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 2rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
font-style: italic;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.data-twin {
|
|||
|
|
text-align: center;
|
|||
|
|
margin: 2rem 0;
|
|||
|
|
padding: 1rem;
|
|||
|
|
border: 1px dashed var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
font-family: var(--code-font);
|
|||
|
|
font-size: 0.9rem;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
.data-twin a {
|
|||
|
|
color: var(--secondary-accent);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</style>
|
|||
|
|
<script defer src="https://analytics.4ort.xyz/script.js" data-website-id="d3ed927c-888a-4a6c-ae5f-0b1c613ddf5b"></script>
|
|||
|
|
</head>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<header>
|
|||
|
|
<h1>The Grandfather Workbench</h1>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="subtitle">Built 1924. Still True. Still Holding.</div>
|
|||
|
|
</header>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<section>
|
|||
|
|
<h2>The Promise of Iron and Maple</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>In the corner of my grandfather's shop stood a workbench that never warped, never sagged, never lied. It was built in 1924, during a winter colder than any we've seen since. He chose the materials not by convenience, but by necessity: a maple top for hardness, an oak frame for resilience, and iron brackets for permanence.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>This is not a recipe for decoration. This is a blueprint for survival. Every dimension below is taken from measurements I made myself in 2023. Every calculation is grounded in the physics of wood and steel.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<section>
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Specifications</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<table class="specs-table">
|
|||
|
|
<thead>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<th>Component</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th>Material</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th>Dimensions</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th>Tolerance</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</thead>
|
|||
|
|
<tbody>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Top Slabs</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Hard Maple (Acer saccharum)</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>4" thick × 24" wide × 8' long</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>±0.003"</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Legs</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>White Oak (Quercus alba)</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>6" × 6" square</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>±0.005"</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Aprons</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>White Oak</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>4" × 8" rectangular</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>±0.003"</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Corners</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Cast Iron</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>3" × 3" × 1/2" plates</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Machined</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Joinery</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Hickory Pegs</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>3/4" diameter × 4" length</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td>Press-fit</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</tbody>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<section>
|
|||
|
|
<h2>The Joinery</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>My grandfather did not trust glue. Glue fails when the seasons turn. He trusted the mortise and tenon, pegged through with hickory harder than the oak itself.</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="diagram-container">
|
|||
|
|
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/15102482/pexels-photo-15102482.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&dpr=2&h=650&w=940" alt="Vintage workbench with iron corners and maple top">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="diagram-caption">Figure 1: The surviving workbench. Note the iron reinforcement at each corner—a decision made before the first cut.</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<h3>The Mortise</h3>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Depth: 3 inches.<br>
|
|||
|
|
Width: 1 inch, tapered 1° for draw-bore alignment.<br>
|
|||
|
|
Wall tolerance: ±0.001" parallelism.</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<h3>The Tenon</h3>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Length: 2.9 inches (for compression fit).<br>
|
|||
|
|
Cheeks: Planed to 0.0005" deviation.<br>
|
|||
|
|
Shoulders: Cut square to the grain, verified by try-square.</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<h3>The Peg</h3>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Diameter: 0.752" (oversized by 0.002" for shrinkage).<br>
|
|||
|
|
Material: Hickory (Carya ovata), moisture content 8%.<br>
|
|||
|
|
Drive force: Calculated below.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<section>
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Thermal Expansion Calculator</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Wood moves with the season. Maple expands 0.000032" per °F perpendicular to grain. Oak expands 0.000028". If you ignore this, your bench cracks in January.</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="formula-box">
|
|||
|
|
<strong>ΔL = L₀ × α × ΔT</strong><br><br>
|
|||
|
|
Where:<br>
|
|||
|
|
• ΔL = Change in length (inches)<br>
|
|||
|
|
• L₀ = Original length (inches)<br>
|
|||
|
|
• α = Coefficient of thermal expansion (per °F)<br>
|
|||
|
|
• ΔT = Temperature change (°F)<br><br>
|
|||
|
|
<em>Source: <a href="https://www.astm.org/d0143.html" target="_blank" style="color: var(--secondary-accent);">ASTM D143-20 Standard Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber</a></em>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="calculator-section">
|
|||
|
|
<h3 style="margin-top: 0;">Clamp Pressure Calculator</h3>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Enter your lumber species and the expected temperature swing. The system calculates the required clamp pressure to prevent joint separation during seasonal shifts.</p>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="calc-input-group">
|
|||
|
|
<label for="species">Lumber Species</label>
|
|||
|
|
<select id="species">
|
|||
|
|
<option value="maple">Hard Maple (α = 0.000032/°F)</option>
|
|||
|
|
<option value="oak">White Oak (α = 0.000028/°F)</option>
|
|||
|
|
<option value="walnut">Black Walnut (α = 0.000024/°F)</option>
|
|||
|
|
<option value="pine">Eastern White Pine (α = 0.000019/°F)</option>
|
|||
|
|
</select>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="calc-input-group">
|
|||
|
|
<label for="length">Top Length (inches)</label>
|
|||
|
|
<input type="number" id="length" value="96" min="12" max="200" step="1">
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="calc-input-group">
|
|||
|
|
<label for="temp-swing">Temperature Swing (°F)</label>
|
|||
|
|
<input type="number" id="temp-swing" value="80" min="10" max="150" step="1">
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<button class="calc-button" onclick="calculatePressure()">Calculate Clamp Pressure</button>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="calc-result" id="result">
|
|||
|
|
<!-- Results appear here -->
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<section>
|
|||
|
|
<h2>The Lesson</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="lesson-box">
|
|||
|
|
<p>"A workbench is not furniture. It is the extension of your arms. If it moves when you strike, you have already lost."</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p style="text-align: right; font-size: 0.9rem;">— Joseph Danos, 1924</p>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<p>I built my first bench at age twelve using his notes. It still holds true. Today, I give those notes to you. Not as poetry. As instruction.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="data-twin">
|
|||
|
|
Machine-readable specification twin: <a href="workbench.json">workbench.json</a> (2.5 KB)
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<nav class="nav-links">
|
|||
|
|
<a href="index.html">→ Main Archive</a>
|
|||
|
|
<a href="grandfather-tools.html">→ Grandfather's Tools</a>
|
|||
|
|
<a href="dovetail.html">→ The Dovetail Joint</a>
|
|||
|
|
</nav>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<script>
|
|||
|
|
const MATERIAL_PROPS = {
|
|||
|
|
maple: { alpha: 0.000032, modulus: 1800000, density: 0.044 },
|
|||
|
|
oak: { alpha: 0.000028, modulus: 1600000, density: 0.047 },
|
|||
|
|
walnut: { alpha: 0.000024, modulus: 1400000, density: 0.041 },
|
|||
|
|
pine: { alpha: 0.000019, modulus: 1100000, density: 0.028 }
|
|||
|
|
};
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
function calculatePressure() {
|
|||
|
|
const species = document.getElementById('species').value;
|
|||
|
|
const length = parseFloat(document.getElementById('length').value);
|
|||
|
|
const tempSwing = parseFloat(document.getElementById('temp-swing').value);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (!length || !tempSwing) {
|
|||
|
|
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<strong>Error:</strong> All fields required.';
|
|||
|
|
return;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
const mat = MATERIAL_PROPS[species];
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// Calculate dimensional change
|
|||
|
|
const deltaL = length * mat.alpha * tempSwing;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// Calculate strain
|
|||
|
|
const strain = deltaL / length;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// Calculate stress required to resist expansion (σ = E × ε)
|
|||
|
|
const stress = mat.modulus * strain;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// Convert to psi for readability
|
|||
|
|
const psi = stress;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// Minimum clamp pressure (factor of safety = 3)
|
|||
|
|
const clampPressure = psi * 3;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
const resultDiv = document.getElementById('result');
|
|||
|
|
resultDiv.innerHTML = `
|
|||
|
|
<strong>Species:</strong> ${species.toUpperCase()}<br>
|
|||
|
|
<strong>Predicted Expansion:</strong> ${deltaL.toFixed(6)}"<br>
|
|||
|
|
<strong>Induced Stress:</strong> ${psi.toFixed(2)} psi<br>
|
|||
|
|
<strong>Required Clamp Pressure (SF=3):</strong> ${clampPressure.toFixed(2)} psi<br><br>
|
|||
|
|
<em>Below this pressure, the joint will separate during extreme seasonal shift.</em>
|
|||
|
|
`;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</html>
|